雪莱西风颂英文赏析？《西风颂》是雪莱三大颂诗歌中的一首，写于1819年。诗中以西风为形象，描绘出西风狂烈、急于扫除旧世界创造新世界的形象。诗中比喻奇特，形象鲜明，深刻震撼着人们的心灵。诗歌后两段写诗人与西风的应和，表达诗人不羁心灵的创伤，但愿意被西风吹拂，愿意为即将到来的春天奉献。那么，雪莱西风颂英文赏析？一起来了解一下吧。
Interpretation of the poem
The poem Ode to the West Wind can be divided in two parts: the first three stanzas are about the qualities of the ‘Wind’; the fact that these three stanzas belong together can visually be seen by the phrase ‘Oh hear!’ at the end of each of the three stanzas. Whereas the first three stanzas give a relation between the ‘Wind’ and the speaker, there is a turn at the beginning of the fourth stanza; the focus is now on the speaker, or better the hearer, and what he is going to hear.
a.) first stanza
The first stanza begins with the alliteration ‘wild West Wind’. This makes the ‘wind’ “sound invigorating”. The reader gets the impression that the wind is something that lives, because he is ‘wild’ – it is at that point a personification of the ‘wind’. Even after reading the headline and the alliteration, one might have the feeling that the ‘Ode’ might somehow be positive. But it is not, as the beginning of the poem destroys the feeling that associated the wind with the spring. The first few lines consist of a lot of sinister elements, such as ‘dead leaves’. The inversion of ‘leaves dead’ (l. 2) in the first stanza underlines the fatality by putting the word ‘dead’ (l. 2) at the end of the line so that it rhymes with the next lines. The sentence goes on and makes these ‘dead’ (l. 2) leaves live again as ‘ghosts’ (l. 3) that flee from something that panics them. The sentence does not end at that point but goes on with a polysyndeton. The colourful context makes it easier for the reader to visualise what is going on – even if it is in an uncomfortable manner. ‘Yellow’ can be seen as “the ugly hue of ‘pestilence-stricken’ skin; and ‘hectic red’, though evoking the pase of the poem itself, could also highlight the pace of death brought to multitudes.” There is also a contradiction in the colour ‘black’ (l. 4) and the adjective ‘pale’(l. 4). In the word ‘chariotest’ (l. 6) the ‘est’ is added to the verb stem ‘chariot’, probably to indicate the second person singular, after the subject ‘thou’ (l. 5). The ‘corpse within its grave’ (l. 8) in the next line is in contrast to the ‘azure sister of the Spring’ (l. 9) – a reference to the east wind - whose ‘living hues and odours plain’ (l.12) evoke a strong contrast to the colours of the fourth line of the poem that evoke death. The last line of this stanza (‘Destroyer and Preserver’, l. 14) refers to the west wind. The west wind is considered the ‘Destroyer’ (l. 14) because it drives the last sings of life from the trees. He is also considered the ‘Preserver’ (l.14) for scattering the seeds which will come to life in the spring.
b.) second stanza
The second stanza of the poem is much more fluid than the first one. The sky’s ‘clouds’ (l.16) are ‘like earth’s decaying leaves’ (l. 16). They are a reference to the second line of the first stanza (‘leaves dead’, l. 2). Through this reference the landscape is recalled again. The ‘clouds’(l. 16) are ‘Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean’ (l. 17). This probably refers to the fact that the line between the sky and the stormy sea is indistinguishable and the whole space from the horizon to the zenith being is covered with trialing storm clouds. The ‘clouds’ can also be seen as ‘Angels of rain’ (l. 18). In a biblical way, they may be messengers that bring a message from heaven down to earth through rain and lightning. These two natural phenomenons with their “fertilizing and illuminating power” bring a change. Line 21 begins with ‘Of some fierce Maenad ...’ (l. 21) and again the west wind is part of the second stanza of the poem; here he is two things at once: first he is ‘dirge/Of the dying year’ (l. 23f) and second he is “a prophet of tumult whose prediction is decisive”; a prophet who does not only bring ‘black rain, and fire, and hail’ (l. 28), but who ‘will burst’ (l. 28) it. The ‘locks of the approaching storm’ (l. 23) are the messengers of this bursting: the ‘clouds’. Shelley in this stanza “expands his vision from the earthly scene with the leaves before him to take in the vaster commotion of the skies”. This means that the wind is now no longer at the horizon and therefore far away, but he is exactly above us. The clouds now reflect the image of the swirling leaves; this is a parallelism that gives evidence that we lifted “our attention from the finite world into the macrocosm”. The ‘clouds’ can also be compared with the leaves; but the clouds are more unstable and bigger than the leaves and they can be seen as messengers of rain and lightning as it was mentioned above.
c.) third stanza
The question that comes up when reading the third stanza at first is what the subject of the verb ‘saw’ (l. 33) could be. On the one hand there is the ‘blue Mediterranean’ (l. 30). With the ‘Mediterranean’ as subject of the stanza, the “syntactical movement” is continued and there is no break in the fluency of the poem; it is said that ‘he lay, / Lull’d by the coil of this crystalline streams,/Beside a pumice isle in Baiae’s bay, / And saw in sleep old palaces and towers’ (l. 30-33). On the other hand it is also possible that the lines of this stanza refer to the ‘wind’ again. Then the verb that belongs to the ‘wind’ as subject is not ‘lay’, but the previous line of this stanza, that says ‘Thou who didst waken ... And saw’ (l. 29, 33). But whoever – the ‘Mediterranean’ or the ‘wind’ - ‘saw’ (l. 33) the question remains whether the city one of them saw, is real and therefore a reflection on the water of a city that really exists on the coast; or the city is just an illusion. Pirie is not sure of that either. He says that it might be “a creative interpretation of the billowing seaweed; or of the glimmering sky reflected on the heaving surface”. Both possibilities seem to be logical. To explain the appearance of an underwater world, it might be easier to explain it by something that is realistic; and that might be that the wind is able to produce illusions on the water. With its pressure, the wind “would waken the appearance of a city”. From what is known of the ‘wind’ from the last two stanzas, it became clear that the ‘wind’ is something that plays the role of a Creator. Whether the wind creates real things or illusions does not seem to be that important. It appears as if the third stanza shows - in comparison with the previous stanzas – a turning-point. Whereas Shelley had accepted death and changes in life in the first and second stanza, he now turns to “wistful reminiscence [, recalls] an alternative possibility of transcendence”. From line 26 to line 36 he gives an image of nature Line 36 begins with the sentence ‘So sweet, the sense faints picturing them’. And indeed, the picture Shelley gives us here seems to be ‘sweet’ (l. 36). ‘The sea-blooms’ (l. 39) are probably the plants at the bottom of the ocean and give a peaceful picture of what is under water. But if we look closer at line 36, we realise that the sentence is not what it appears to be at first sight, because it obviously means ‘so sweet that one feels faint in describing them’. This shows that the idyllic picture is not what it seems to be and that the harmony will certainly soon be destroyed. A few lines later, Shelley suddenly talks about ‘fear’ (l. 41). This again shows the influence of the west wind which announces the change of the season.
d.) fourth stanza
Whereas the stanzas one to three began with ‘O wild West Wind’ (l. 1) and ‘Thou...’ (l. 15, 29) and were clearly directed to the wind, there is a change in the fourth stanza. The focus is no more on the ‘wind’, but on the speaker who says ‘If I...’ (l. 43f). Until this part, the poem has appeared very anonymous and was only concentrated on the ‘wind’ and its forces so that the author of the poem was more or less forgotten. Pirie calls this “the suppression of personality” which finally vanishes at that part of the poem. It becomes more and more clear that what the author talks about now is himself. That this must be true, shows the frequency of the author’s use of the first-person pronouns ‘I’ (l. 43, 44, 48, 51, 54), ‘my’ (l. 48, 52) and ‘me’ (l. 53). These pronouns appear nine times in the fourth stanza. Certainly the author wants to dramatise the atmosphere so that the reader recalls the situation of stanza one to three. He achieves this by using the same pictures of the previous stanzas in this one. Whereas these pictures, such as ‘leaf’, ‘cloud’ and ‘wave’ have existed only together with the ‘wind’, they are now existing with the author. The author thinks about being one of them and says ‘If I were a ...’ (l. 43ff). Shelley here identifies himself with the wind, although he knows that he can not do that, because it is impossible for someone to put all the things he has learnt from life aside and enter a “world of innocence”. That Shelley is deeply aware of his closedness in life and his identity shows his command in line 53. There he says ‘Oh, lift me up as a wave, a leaf, a cloud’ (l. 53). He knows that this is something impossible to achieve, but he does not stop praying for it. The only chance Shelley sees to make his prayer and wish for a new identity with the Wind come true is by pain or death, as death leads to rebirth. So, he wants to ‘fall upon the thorns of life’ and ‘bleed’ (l. 54). At the end of the stanza the poet tells us that ‘a heavy weight of hours has chain’d and bow’d’ (l. 55). This may be a reference to the years that have passed and ‘chained and bowed’ (l. 55) the hope of the people who fought for freedom and were literally imprisoned. With this knowledge, the West Wind becomes a different meaning. The wind is the ‘uncontrollable’ (l. 47) who is ‘tameless’ (l. 56). One more thing that one should mention is that this stanza sounds like a kind of prayer or confession of the poet. This confession does not address God and therefore sounds very impersonal. Shelley also changes his use of metaphors in this stanza. In the first stanzas the wind was a metaphor explained at full length. Now the metaphors are only weakly presented – ‘the thorns of life’ (l. 54). Shelley also leaves out the fourth element: the fire. In the previous stanzas he wrote about the earth, the air and the water. The reader now expects the fire – but it is not there. This leads to a break in the symmetry of the poem because the reader does not meet the fire until the fifth stanza.
e.) fifth stanza
Again the wind is very important in this last stanza. The wind with his ‘mighty harmonies’ (l. 59) becomes an artist or a Creator of sounds. At the beginning of the poem the ‘wind’ was only capable of blowing the leaves from the trees. In the previous stanza the poet identified himself with the leaves. In this stanza the ‘wind’ is now capable of using both of these things mentioned before. Everything that had been said before, was part of the elements – wind, earth and water. Now the fourth element comes in: the fire. There is also a confrontation in this stanza: whereas in line 57 Shelley writes ‘me thy’, there is ‘thou me’ in line 62. This “signals a restored confidence, if not in the poet’s own abilities, at least in his capacity to communicate with [...] the Wind”. It is also necessary to mention that the first-person pronouns again appear in a great frequency; but the possessive pronoun ‘my’ predominates. Unlike the frequent use of the ‘I’ in the previous stanza that made the stanza sound self-conscious, this stanza might now sound self-possessed. The stanza is no more a request or a prayer as it had been in the fourth stanza – it is a demand. The poet becomes the wind’s instrument – his ‘lyre’ (l. 57). This is a symbol of the poet’s own passivity towards the wind; he becomes his musician and the wind’s breath becomes his breath. The poet’s attitude towards the wind has changed: in the first stanza the wind has been an ‘enchanter’ (l. 3), now the wind has become an ‘incantation’ (l. 65). And there is another contrast between the two last stanzas: in the fourth stanza the poet had articulated himself in singular: ‘a leaf’ (l. 43, 53), ‘a cloud’ (l. 44, 53), ‘A wave’ (l. 45, 53) and ‘One too like thee’ (l. 56). In this stanza, the “sense of personality as vulnerably individualised led to self-doubt” and the greatest fear was that what was ‘tameless, and swift, and proud’ (l. 56) will stay ‘chain’d and bow’d’ (l. 55). The last stanza differs from that. The poet in this stanza uses plural forms, for example, ‘my leaves’ (l. 58, 64), ‘thy harmonies’ (l. 59), ‘my thoughts’ (l. 63), ‘ashes and sparks’ (l. 67) and ‘my lips’ (l. 68). By the use of the plural, the poet is able to show that there is some kind of peace and pride in his words. It even seems as if he has redefined himself because the uncertainty of the previous stanza has been blown away. The ‘leaves’ merge with those of an entire forest and ‘Will’ become components in a whole tumult of mighty harmonies. The use of this ‘Will’ (l. 60) is certainly a reference to the future. Through the future meaning, the poem itself does not only sound as something that might have happened in the past, but it may even be a kind of ‘prophecy’ (l. 69) for what might come - the future. At last, Shelley again calls the Wind in a kind of prayer and even wants him to be ‘his’ Spirit: he says: ‘My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!’ (l. 62). Like the leaves of the trees in a forest, his leaves will fall and decay and will perhaps soon flourish again when the spring comes. That may be why he is looking forward to the spring and asks at the end of the last stanza ‘If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?’ (l. 70). This is of course a rhetorical question because spring does come after winter. The question has a deeper meaning and does not only mean the change of seasons, but is a reference to death and rebirth as well.
Poems like this one really have a prophecy for all of us and this prophecy helps us to think about the term ‘poetry’ itself. The Ode shows us that rebirth is something that can be fulfilled through spiritual growing. The last few lines of the poem underline this thought and bring the topic of regeneration and decline to the heart in a very explicit way.
参考资料http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ode_to_the_West_Wind
The Analysis of Ode to the West Wind
Ode to the West Wind is written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1819 to encourage those struggle for freedom. At the same time, the poem expresses the hope that its words will inspire and influence those who read or hear it. Shelley wanted his message of reform and revolution spread, and the wind becomes the trope for spreading the word of change through the poet-prophet figure.
The poem is a lyric poem that addresses the west wind as a powerful force and asks it to scatter the poet's words throughout the world. In Ode to the West Wind, Shelley uses the wind to represent driving change and a carrier for his ideas.
This poem is a highly controlled text about the role of the poet as the agent of political and moral change. This was a subject Shelley wrote a great deal about, especially around 1819, with this strongest version of it articulated the last famous lines of his "Defence of Poetry": "Poets are the hierophants of an unapprehended inspiration; the mirrors of the gigantic shadows which futurity casts upon the present; the words which express what they understand not; the trumpets which sing to battle, and feel not what they inspire; the influence which is moved not, but moves. Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world."
In 'Ode to the West Wind', Percy Bysshe Shelley tries to show his desire for transcendence, by explaining that his thoughts and ideas, like the 'winged seeds' are trapped. The West Wind acts as a force for change and forward movement in the human and natural world.
Shelley sees winter not just as the last season of vegetation but as the last phase of life. Shelley observes the changing of the weather from autumn to winter and its effects on the environment. Shelley is trying to show that a man’s ideas can spread and live on beyond his lifetime by having the wind carry his 'dead thoughts' which through destruction.
《西风颂》是雪莱三大颂诗歌中的一首，写于1819年。诗中以西风为形象，描绘出西风狂烈、急于扫除旧世界创造新世界的形象。诗中比喻奇特，形象鲜明，深刻震撼着人们的心灵。诗歌后两段写诗人与西风的应和，表达诗人不羁心灵的创伤，但愿意被西风吹拂，愿意为即将到来的春天奉献。西风象征一种无处不在的宇宙精神，一种打破旧世界，追求新世界的西风精神。诗人以西风自喻，表达了对生活的信念和向旧世界宣战的决心。
第一节：
你是秋的呼吸，啊，奔放的西风；你无形地莅临时，残叶们逃亡，它们像回避巫师的成群鬼魂：黑的、惨红的、铅灰的，还有蜡黄，患瘟疫而死掉的一大群。啊，你，送飞翔的种籽到它们的冬床，它们躺在那儿，又暗、又冷、又低，一个个都像尸体埋葬于墓中，直到明春你青空的妹妹吹起她的号角，唤醒了大地的迷梦，驱使蕾儿吐馨，使漫山遍野铺上了姹紫嫣红。
第二节：
你在动乱的太空中掀起激流，上面飘浮着落叶似的云块，掉落自天与海的错综的枝头：它们是传送雨和闪电的神差。你那气流之浪涛的碧蓝海面，从朦胧的地平线到天的顶盖，飘荡着快来的暴风雨的发辫，像美娜德头上金黄色的乱发随风飘动；你为这将逝的残年，唱起挽歌；待到夜的帷幕落下，将成为这一年的巨冢的圆顶，你用凝聚的云雾为它作支架，而从这浓云密雾中，将会涌迸：电火、冰雹和黑的雨水；啊你听！
第三节：
你也把青青的地中海水唤醒，他原在贝宜湾的一个浮岛边，沉醉于他夏日幻梦里的美景，被一圈圈晶莹的涟漪所催眠，他梦见了古老的宫殿和楼阁荡漾于更明朗皎洁的水中天，满披着翡翠似的苔藓和花朵，花朵多芬芳，那气息使人醉迷；浩瀚的大西洋本来平静无波，随着你的脚步而裂开；在海底，那些枝叶没有浆汁的湿树林，还有海花，听到你来临的声息，便突然地变色，它们大吃一惊，瑟瑟地发抖，纷纷凋谢。
诗歌双语阅读《西风颂》
《西风颂》是雪莱“三大颂”诗歌中的一首，写于1819年。这首诗是诗人“骄傲、轻捷而不驯的灵魂”的自白，是时代精神的写照。诗共分5节，每节的韵脚安排是：aba，bcb，cdc，ded，ee。这里，西风已经成了一种象征，它是一种无处不在的宇宙精神，一种打破旧世界，追求新世界的西风精神。诗人以西风自喻，表达了自己对生活的信念和向旧世界宣战的决心。
Ode to the West Wind
西风颂
I 第一节
O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being,
Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou,
Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed
The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,
Each like a corpse within its grave, until
Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
With living hues and odours plain and hill:
Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;
Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!
啊，狂野的西风，你把秋气猛吹，
不露脸便将落叶一扫而空，
犹如法师赶走了群鬼，
赶走那黄绿红黑紫的一群，
那些染上了瘟疫的魔怪——
呵，你让种子长翅腾空，
又落在冰冷的土壤里深埋，
象尸体躺在坟墓，但一朝
你那青色的东风妹妹回来，
为沉睡的大地吹响银号，
驱使羊群般蓓蕾把大气猛喝，
就吹出遍野嫩色，处处香飘。
[Commentary]
Of the many revolutionary poems of Shelley, "Ode to the West Wind" is one of his best. It is not only a political poem but also a very lyrical one, in form or content. According to the poet, when he met the storm near the River Arno in Florence, Italy, he was deeply moved by this vehement（猛烈的） natural force, which he associated with the revolutionary storms of the human world.
In the first part of this poem, Shelley describes the wind's power and its role as both "destroyer and preserver." As a destroyer, the west wind sweeps away the dead leaves; as the preserver, it plows the seeds deep into the earth to bloom when spring comes.
In the second part, with images of clouds, rain, lightening, etc., the poet delineates（描绘） the power of the west wind to its extreme when it drives the clouds in the sky.
The third part of the poem finds the poet showing the power of the wind in controlling the waves of the sea, from the tranquil Mediterranean to the turbulent Atlantic.
In the fourth part, the poet expresses his keenly felt feelings and awakened thoughts toward the wind.
The final part of the poem tells how the poet asks of the wind to drive away his dead thoughts, spread his lines to all corners of the world and awaken people who are still in a slumber.
In a word, this poem is a passionate calling to the spirit of the personified west wind. The symbolism in this poem is rich and diverse. The wind is the natural force of regeneration; it is regarded as the force that leads to self-sacrifice, even self destruction, in man's personal life; it represents the invincible（不能征服的） political hopes that drive continually over the unawakened earth; and it is also the very passion of idealism, the aspiration and creativity itself. Shelley's craft in minute images like wind, water, sky, wood, etc., is both mythic（神话，虚构的） and biblical (in that it reveals to us the last scenes of the world like that recorded in the Revelation of the Bible). The total effect is "one of transcendental hope and energy, achieved through suffering and despair." As we see, while the first generation of Romantic poets like Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey regarded nature as the embodiment of truth, the younger generation of Shelley, Byron and Keats largely viewed nature as a source of beauty and aesthetic experience. In this poem, Shelley relates nature to art by working out powerful metaphors based on natural images, and expresses his views on the aesthetic quality in poetry.
以上就是雪莱西风颂英文赏析的全部内容，诗第三节,雪莱用浪漫主义的丰富想象,描写了西风威震地 中海,劈斩大西洋的雄奇景象。 此节,中心意象西风和海水、巨浪、旧的宫殿楼台结合在一起,宣告了西风将劈波开道,革 命风暴将风起云涌,一切属于旧世界的事物必将惨然变色、胆战心惊。第四部分,作者希望自己能化为树叶、。
