土木工程英语论文？土木工程的论文摘要翻译成英语，急求，不要在线翻译软件的 Thesis Abstract for Civil Engineering needs to be translated into English, Which is urgently wanted, Online software translation is rejected 随着建筑业管理体制改革的深化，工程项目施工管理越来越受到人们的重视其，那么，土木工程英语论文？一起来了解一下吧。
这个主要看老师和学校的规定，没有具体要求。
土木工程专业主要学习理论力学、材料力学、结构力学、弹性力学、工程力学、流体力学、岩土力学和市政工程学科的基础。
土木工程管理论文题目
1、基于物联网的土木工程实验室管理模式研究
2、试论提高土木工程施工项目管理的措施
3、浅谈土木工程项目的施工进度管理和质量管理
4、如何加强土木工程施工管理
building types and design
A building is closely bound up with people，for it provides with the necessary space to work and live in .
As classified by their use ,buildings are mainly of two types :industrial buildings and civil buildings .industrial buildings are used by various factories or industrial production while civil buildings are those that are used by people for dwelling ,employment ,education and other social activities .
Industrial buildings are factory buildings that are available for processing and manufacturing of various kinds ,in such fields as the mining industry ,the metallurgical industry ,machine building ,the chemical industry and the textile industry . factory buildings can be classified into two types single-story ones and multi-story ones .the construction of industrial buildings is the same as that of civil buildings .however ,industrial and civil buildings differ in the materials used and in the way they are used .
Civil buildings are divided into two broad categories: residential buildings and public buildings .residential buildings should suit family life .each flat should consist of at least three necessary rooms : a living room ,a kitchen and a toilet .public buildings can be used in politics ,cultural activities ,administration work and other services ,such as schools, office buildings, parks ,hospitals ,shops ,stations ,theatres ,gymnasiums ,hotels ,exhibition halls ,bath pools ,and so on .all of them have different functions ,which in turn require different design types as well.
Housing is the living quarters for human beings .the basic function of housing is to provide shelter from the elements ,but people today require much more that of their housing .a family moving into a new neighborhood will to know if the available housing meets its standards of safety ,health ,and comfort .a family will also ask how near the housing is to grain shops ,food markets ,schools ,stores ,the library ,a movie theater ,and the community center .
In the mid-1960’s a most important value in housing was sufficient space both inside and out .a majority of families preferred single-family homes on about half an acre of land ,which would provide space for spare-time activities .in highly industrialized countries ,many families preferred to live as far out as possible from the center of a metropolitan area ,even if the wage earners had to travel some distance to their work .quite a large number of families preferred country housing to suburban housing because their chief aim was to get far away from noise ,crowding ,and confusion .the accessibility of public transportation had ceased to be a decisive factor in housing because most workers drove their cars to work .people we’re chiefly interested in the arrangement and size of rooms and the number of bedrooms .
Before any of the building can begin ,plans have to be drawn to show what the building will be like ,the exact place in which it is to go and how everything is to be done.
An important point in building design is the layout of rooms ,which should provide the greatest possible convenience in relation to the purposes for which they are intended .in a dwelling house ,the layout may be considered under three categories : “day”, “night” ,and “services” .attention must be paid to the provision of easy communication between these areas .the “day “rooms generally include a dining-room ,sitting-room and kitchen ,but other rooms ,such as a study ,may be added ,and there may be a hall .the living-room ,which is generally the largest ,often serves as a dining-room ,too ,or the kitchen may have a dining alcove .the “night “rooms consist of the bedrooms .the “services “comprise the kitchen ,bathrooms ,larder ,and water-closets .the kitchen and larder connect the services with the day rooms .
It is also essential to consider the question of outlook from the various rooms ,and those most in use should preferably face south as possible .it is ,however ,often very difficult to meet the optimum requirements ,both on account of the surroundings and the location of the roads .in resolving these complex problems ,it is also necessary to follow the local town-planning regulations which are concerned with public amenities ,density of population ,height of buildings ,proportion of green space to dwellings ,building lines ,the general appearance of new properties in relation to the neighbourhood ,and so on .
There is little standardization in industrial buildings although such buildings still need to comply with local town-planning regulations .the modern trend is towards light ,airy factory buildings .generally of reinforced concrete or metal construction ,a factory can be given a “shed ”type ridge roof ,incorporating windows facing north so as to give evenly distributed natural lighting without sun-glare .
翻译：
建筑类型和设计
建筑物与人们有着紧密的联系，他为人们提供必要的空间，用以工作和生活。
The urban river embankment discuss the ecological construction
Anonymous XXXXXXXX
Abstract: the urban river embankment construction as the object, discuss the current social background, analyses and compares the river embankment design of traditional methods and characteristics of ecological methods, and puts forward three modes of ecological design and their advantages and disadvantages, and expounds the present situation of the ecological construction in domestic bank and future prospects.
Keywords: the bank; Ecology; Design way; Domestic situation
Text:
A, background
River Banks part is the amphibious interlaced transition belt, has the remarkable edge effect. Here are active substances, nutrient and energy flow, offer a habitat for a variety of creatures. Natural state Banks often species richness, productivity high.
The traditional embankment design often single ?
一、背景
河流的堤岸部分是水陆交错的过渡地带，具有显著的边缘效应。
英语论文格式模板
英文论文格式均以美国土木工程师协会出版社发布的标准格式为准。
英语论文用激光打印机打印，打印稿为黑白稿，彩色打印件会影响出版效果。 版心：a4纸，上、下页边距3.5 cm，左、右页边距均为3.25 mm。论文内容宽不得超过14.5cm， 长不得超过22.5cm。
字体和字号：正文，标题，作者联络信息和图表中的文字均为times new roman 12号字。可以跟据需要使用同类字体中的粗体，斜体。
行距：单倍行距。
页码：论文正文和文后所附图例都需添加页码。页码为阿拉伯数字，位于页面下方居中。
文体：文章应语法正确，技术用词准确。标题应该以最简洁的语言概括文章内容。如果标题较长，请采用title: subtitle的形式。
数学公式：文中的数学公式不得手写，必须打印。公式如果在文中多次被引用，应该编号。公式之间，公式和正文之间都应该空一行。 单位： 文中所用的度量衡单位应为国际单位。可在括号内，单位对应表中列出其他单位。有关国际单位的使用(standard practice for use of the international system of units)可以通过电话1-800-548-2723向asce索取。
With the deepening reform of the construction industry management system, engineering project construction management is becoming more and more attention to it, the management level has become the first factor in restricting the survival and development of enterprises, and the quality, schedule, cost control is the most important for the management of key points.
The construction site in the center of the city, the main road around for public housing group.This project is a comprehensive commercial building project. Total construction area of16778.29m2, including the underground construction area of 3150.4 m2, and the ground is 13627.89m2,. On the ground 17, underground 2 layer, building a total height of 66.5 meters.The main body for the frame shear wall structure, the base of natural raft foundation.
Keywords: construction organization design, frame structure, comprehensive building
以上就是土木工程英语论文的全部内容，英文论文格式均以美国土木工程师协会出版社发布的标准格式为准。英语论文用激光打印机打印，打印稿为黑白稿，彩色打印件会影响出版效果。 版心：a4纸，上、下页边距3.5 cm，左、右页边距均为3.25 mm。论文内容宽不得超过14.5cm， 长不得超过22.5cm。字体和字号：正文，标题。
